Let
be a positive integer. A
Japanese triangle consists of
circles arranged in an equilateral triangular shape such that for each
, the
row contains exactly
circles, exactly one of which is coloured red. A
ninja path in a Japanese triangle is a sequence of
circles obtained by starting in the top row, then repeatedly going from a circle to one of the two circles immediately below it and finishing in the bottom row. Here is an example of a Japanese triangle with
, along with a ninja path in that triangle containing two red circles.
In terms of
, find the greatest
such that in each Japanese triangle there is a ninja path containing at least
red circles.
proposed by
Merlijn Staps, Netherlands